Brian Joseph Enquist

Associate Professor

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

University of Arizona, BioSciences West, Tucson, AZ 85721

Office Phone: (520) 626-3329 Fax: (520) 621-9190, Lab Phone: (520) 626-3336

e-mail: benquist (at sign) email (dot ) arizona (dot) edu

 

For a more detailed CV PDF file Click Here

Birthdate March 4th, 1969 

Education

Ph.D. Biology, (Ecology Program) July 1998, University of New Mexico. Albuquerque, NM. Title: On the origin and consequences of allometric scaling. Advisor: Dr. James H. Brown

Dissertation Committee J.H. Brown, G.C. Stevens, T.K. Lowrey, and H.S. Horn (Princeton U.).

M.S. Biology, (Ecology Program) February 1994. University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. Thesis Advisor: Dr. James H. Brown.

B.A. Biology, (With Distinction), May 1991. The Colorado College Colorado Springs, CO.

Academic Awards, Fellowships, and Honors

  1. Honorary Degree, PhD in Science, The Colorado College, 2007.
  2. ISI Essential Science Indicators (ESI) - Author with the hightest percent increase in total citations in the field of Environment/Ecology; 2005. Click here .
  3. Popular Science Magazine - Top 10 Brilliant Young Scientists; 2004. Click here or here or here.
  4. NSF CAREER ‘Young Investigators’ Award 2002-2007
  5. Conservation International - Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Fellow 2002-2004
  6. George C. Mercer Award, Ecological Society of America 2001
  7. Awarded to the best ecological paper by a researcher under the age of 40). Click here .

  8. NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship 1998-2000
  9. Santa Fe Institute Postdoctoral Research Fellowship, (Declined) 1998
  10. Best Research Poster, UNM Biology Research Day 1994 & 1998
  11. NSF Graduate Research Training Fellowship 1996-1998
  12. Santa Fe Institute Complex Systems Summer School 1997
  13. Fulbright Fellowship, Costa Rica 1995-1996
  14. Biedleman Award, Colorado College 1991
  15. Awarded to best Graduating Undergraduate in Ecology)

  16. Graduation with Distinction in Biology, Colorado College 1991

Professional Employment and Academic Appointments

Published On-line Reviews via Faculty of 1000

Click here for a listing of my reviews for F1000.

Peer Reviewed Publications

Enquist, B.J., Kerkhkoff, A.J., Stark, S.C., Swenson, N.G., McCarthy, M.C. and C.A. Price (2007). A general integrative model for scaling plant growth and functional trait spectra Nature (In Press).

Price, C.A., B.J. Enquist and V.M. Savage (2007) A General Model for Allometric Covariation in Botanical Form and Function. PNAS 104:13204-13209. (PDF Reprint) .

Enquist, B.J. and S.C. Stark (2007). Correspondence - Follow Thompson to make biology a capital-S Science. Nature, 446:611. (PDF Reprint) .

McGill, B., Etienne, R., Gray, J., Alonso, D., Anderson, M., Benecha, H.; Dornelas, M., Enquist, B., Green, J., He, F., Hurlbert, A., Magurran, A., Marquet, P., Maurer, B., Ostling, A., Soykan, C., Ugland, K., White, E. (2007) Species Abundance Distributions: moving beyond single prediction theories to integration within an ecological framework Ecology Letters 10:995-1015. (PDF Reprint) .

Savage, V.M., Enquist, B.J. and G.B. West (2007). Comment on Chaui-Berlinck (2006) A critical understanding of the fractal model of metabolic scaling. Journal of Experimental Biology (In Press).

White, E.P., Ernest, S.K.M., Kerkhoff, A.J. and B.J. Enquist (2007). Relationships between body size and abundance in ecology Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 22:323-330. (PDF Reprint) ..

McCarthy, M.C. and B.J. Enquist (2007). Consistency between an allometric approach and optimal partitioning theory in global patterns of plant biomass allocation Functional Ecology 21:713-720. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J., Tiffney, and K.J. Niklas (2007). Metabolic scaling and the evolutionary dynamics of plant size, form and diversity: Toward a synthesis of ecology, evolution, and paleontology. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168:729-749 (PDF Reprint) .

McCarthy, M.C., Enquist, B.J., and A. J. Kerkhoff (2007). Assessing the relative importance of phylogenetic, life history, and leaf traits on plant biomass partitioning. International Journal of Plant Sciences 168:751-761 (PDF Reprint)

Fuller, M.M., Enquist, B.J. and A. Wagner (2007). Using network analysis to characterize forest structure Natural Resource Modeling (In Press).

Swenson, N.G., B.J. Enquist, J. Thompson, and J.K. Zimmerman (2007). The influence of spatial and size scales on phylogenetic relatedness in tropical forest communities. Ecology 88:1770-1780 (PDF Reprint)

Swenson, N.G. and B.J. Enquist (2007) Ecological and evolutionary determinants of a key functional trait: Wood density and its community-wide variation across latitude and elevation American Journal of Botany 94:451-459 (PDF Reprint) .

Price, C.P. and B.J. Enquist (2007) Scaling mass and morphology in dicotyledonous leaves: An extension of the WBE model Ecology, 88:1132-1141 (PDF Reprint).

Weiser, M.D, Enquist, B.J., Boyle, B., Killeen, T.J., Jorgensen, P.M., Fonseca, G., Jennings, M.D., Kerkhoff, A.J., Larcher, T.E., Monteagudo, A., Nunez Vargus, M.P., Phillips, O.L., Swenson, N.G., and Vasquez Martinez, R. (2007) Latitudinal patterns of range size and species richness of New World woody plants. Global Ecology and Biogeography (PDF Reprint) .

Kerkhoff, A.J. and B.J. Enquist (2007) Implications of scaling approaches for understanding resilience and reorganization in ecosystems. BioScience 57:489-499. (PDF Reprint). See also the very nice Viewpoint write up in the same issue of BioScience by Colleen T. Webb. She places this paper into context. She states that our paper is "an important synthesis from two hitherto largely separate fields of biological inquiry. One is the conceptually well-established, although not uncontentious, area of allometric scaling laws. The other is the less-established area known as resilience concepts in ecology." You can read her article here .

Conlisk, E, Bloxham, M, Conlisk, J., Enquist, B.J. and J. Harte (2007) A class of null models of spatial distribution. Ecological Monographs,77:269-284 (PDF Reprint).

Boyle, B., Meyer, H.W., Enquist, B.J., and Salas, S. (2007) Higher taxa as paleoecological and paleoclimatic indicators: A search for the modern analog of the Florissant fossil flora. GSA Publication - Paleontology and Stratigraphy of the Late Eocene Florissant Formation, Colorado. Meyer, H. Smith, D Eds. (In Press).

Enquist, B.J., Allen, A.P., Brown, J.H., Gillooly, J.F., Kerkhoff, A.J., Niklas, K.J., Price, C.A., and G.B. West. (2007) Biological scaling: Does the exception prove the rule? Nature 445:E9-E10. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J., Kerkhoff, A.J., Huxman, T.E., and E.P. Economo (2007) Adaptive differences in plant physiology and ecosystem paradoxes: Insights from metabolic scaling theory. Global Change Biology 13:591-609. (PDF Reprint)

Swenson, N.G. Enquist, B.J., Pither, J., Thompson, J. and J. Zimmerman (2006) The problem and promise of scale dependency in community phylogenetics. Ecology 87:2418-2424. (PDF Reprint)

Kerkhoff, A.J. Fagan, W.F., Elser, J.J. and B.J. Enquist (2006) Phylogenetic and growth form variation in the scaling of nitrogen and phosphorus in the seed plants. American Naturalist 168:E103-E122. (PDF Reprint)

McGill, B., Enquist, B.J., Weiher, E. and M. Westoby (2006) Response to Kearney and Porter: Both functional and community ecologists need to do more for each other. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 21:482-483. (PDF Reprint) .

Savage, V.M., White, E.P., Moses, M.E., Ernest, S.K.M., Enquist, B.J., Charnov, E.L. (2006) Comment on "The Iilusion of Invariant Quantities in Life Histories". Science 312:198b (PDF Reprint) . Supplemental Document click here .

Kerkhoff, A.J. and B.J. Enquist (2006) Ecosystem allometry: The scaling of nutrient stocks and primary productivity across plant communities Ecology Letters 9:419-427. (PDF Reprint) .

McGill, B., Enquist, B.J., Weiher, E. and M. Westoby (2006) Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits Trends in Ecology and Evolution 21:178-185 (PDF Reprint).

Price, C.A. and B.J. Enquist (2006) Scaling of mass and morphology in plants with minimal branching: An extension of the WBE model. Functional Ecology 20:11-20 (PDF Reprint) .

Potts, D.L., Huxman, T.E., Enquist, B.J., Weltzin, J.F., and D.G. Williams (2006) Resilience and resistance of ecosystem functional response to a precipitation pulse in a semi-arid grassland. Journal of Ecology 94: 23-30. (PDF Reprint) ..

Kerkhoff, A.J., Enquist, B.J., W.F. Fagan, and J.J. Elser (2005) Plant allometry, ecological stoichiometry and the temperature-dependence of terrestrial primary production. Global Ecology and Biogeography 4:585-598.(PDF Reprint) .

Economo, E, P., Kerkhoff, A.J. and Enquist, B.J. (2005) Allometric growth, life-history invariants and population energetics. Ecology Letters 8:353-360. (PDF Reprint) .

McCarthy, M.C. and B.J. Enquist (2005) Organismal size, metabolism and the evolution of complexity in Metazoans. Evolutionary Ecology Research (PDF Reprint) .

Brown, J.H., West, G.B. and B.J. Enquist (2005) Yes, West, Brown and Enquist's model of allometric scaling is both mathematically correct and biologically relevant. Functional Ecology 19:735-738. (PDF Reprint) .

Savage, V.M., J. F. Gillooly, W.H. Woodruff, G.B. West, A. P. Allen, B.J. Enquist, J. H. Brown (2004) The predominance of quarter-power scaling in biology. Functional Ecology 18:257-282. (PDF Reprint) .

Smith, F.A., J.H. Brown, J.P. Haskell, S.K. Lyons, J. Alroy, E.L. Charnov, T. Dayan, B.J. Enquist, S.K.M. Ernest, E.A. Hadly, D. Jablonski, K.E. Jones, D.M. Kaufman, P.A. Marquet, B.A. Maurer, K.J. Niklas, W.P. Porter, K. Roy, B. Tiffney, and M.R. Willig. (2004) Similarity of mammalian body size across the taxonomic hierarchy and across space and time. American Naturalist , 163: 672-691. (PDF Reprint) .

Maurer, B.A., Alroy, J., Brown, J.H., Dayan, T, Enquist, B.J., Ernest, S.K.M., Hadly, E.A., Haskell, J.P., Jablonski, D., Jones, K.E., Kaufman, D.M., Lyons, S.K., Niklas, K.J., Porter, W.P., Roy, K., Smith, F.A., Tiffney, B. and M.R. Willig. (2004) Similarities in body size distributions of small-bodied flying vertebrates. Evolutionary Ecology Research 6:783-797. (PDF Reprint) .

West, G.B., Brown, J.H. and B.J. Enquist (2004) Growth models based on first principles or phenomonology Functional Ecology 18:257-282. (PDF Reprint) .

S.K.M. Ernest, B.J. Enquist, J.H. Brown, E.L. Charnov, J.F. Gillooly, V.M. Savage, E.P. White, F.A. Smith, J.Alroy, T.Dayan, E.A. Hadly, J.P. Haskell, S.K. Lyons, B.A. Maurer, K.J. Niklas, W.Porter, B.Tiffney (2003) Thermodynamic and metabolic effects on the scaling of production and abundance. Ecology Letters 6:990-996 (PDF Reprint) .

Enquist, B.J., Economo, E. P., Huxman, T.E., Allen, A. P. Ignace, D. D. and J. F. Gillooly (2003) Scaling metabolism from organisms to ecosystems. Nature 423:639-642. (PDF Reprint) .

Enquist, B.J. (2003) Scaling the macroecological and evolutionary implications of size and metabolism within and across plant taxa. In: Macroecology: Pattern and Process, pp 321-341 (T. Blackburn and K. Gaston Eds.), Oxford University Press, Oxford. (PDF Reprint) .

West, G.B., V. M. Savage, J. Gillooly, B. J. Enquist, William H. Woodruff and James H. Brown. (2003). But Why Does Metabolic Rate Scale with Body Size? (Brief Communication) Nature 421:713. (PDF Reprint) .

Niklas, K.J., J.J. Midgley, and B.J. Enquist (2003) A general model for mass-growth-density relations across plant communities. Evolutionary Ecology Research 5:459-468. (PDF Reprint) .

Niklas, K.J. and B.J. Enquist (2003) The allometric scaling of seed plant reproduction. Evolutionary Ecology Research 5:79-88. (PDF Reprint) .

Enquist, B.J. (2003) Cope’s Rule and the evolution of long distance transport in vascular plants: Allometric scaling, biomass partitioning, and optimization. Plant Cell and Environment 26:151-161. (PDF Reprint) .

G. B. West, B.J. Enquist, J.H. Brown (2002) Ontogenetic growth: Modeling universality and scaling (Brief Communication) Nature 420: 626-627. (PDF Reprint) .

Enquist, B.J., Haskell, J. P., and Tiffney, B. H. (2002). General patterns of taxonomic diversity and biomass partitioning across tree dominated communities. Nature 419:610-613. (PDF Reprint) Associated News and Views Article by Nick Gotelli. Click here for the Supplementary Information .

Enquist, B.J. (2002) Universal scaling in tree and vascular plant allometry: Toward a general quantitative theory linking plant form and function from cells to ecosystems. Tree Physiology 22:1045-1064. (PDF Reprint) .

Belgrano, A. , Allen, A.A., B..J. Enquist and J.F. Gillooly. (2002) Allometric scaling of maximum population density: a common rule for marine phytoplankton and terrestrial plants. Ecology Letters. (PDF Reprint) .

Enquist, B.J. and K.J. Niklas (2002) Global allocation rules for patterns of biomass partitioning - Technical Comment Science 296:1923a (PDF Reprint).

K.J. Niklas and B.J. Enquist (2002) Canonical rules for plant organ biomass partitioning and growth allocation. American Journal of Botany 89:812-819. (PDF Reprint)

K.J. Niklas and B.J. Enquist (2002) Onthe vegetative biomass partitioning of seed plant leaves, stems, and roots. American Naturalist 159:482-497. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J., J. Sanderson, and M.D. Weiser (2002) Neutral Macroecology: A reply to G. Bell - Letter to the Editor Science 295:1517-1520. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J. and K.J. Niklas (2002) Global allocation rules for biomass partitioning in seed plants. Science 295:1517-1520. (PDF Reprint). Associated News and Views Article by Zens and Webb.

Leffler, A. J. and B.J. Enquist. (2002) Carbon isotope composition of tree leaves from dry tropical forests of Guanacaste, Costa Rica: Comparison across tropical ecosystems and tree life history. Journal of Tropical Ecology 18:151-159. (PDF Reprint)

West, G.B., J.H. Brown, and B.J. Enquist (2001) A general allometric model of ontogenetic growth. Nature: 413: 628-631. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J. and K.J. Niklas (2001). Invariant scaling relations across tree-dominated communities. Nature 410:655-660. (PDF Reprint)

Niklas, K. J. and B. J. Enquist (2001). Invariant scaling relationships for interspecific plant biomass production rates and body size. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA): 98:2922-2927. (PDF Reprint) Associated News and Views Article by Damuth. Corrigendum

Enquist, B.J. & A. J. Leffler (2001). Long-term tree ring chronologies from sympatric tropical dry-forest trees: individualistic responses to climate variation. Journal of Tropical Ecology 17:41-60. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J., Haskell, J., Niklas, K.J., & B. H. Tiffney (2001). The evolution of plant communities: biodiversity and community structure through time. In: Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. Pp 631-643. S. Levin (ed.) Academic Press. ( Reprint).

Kiflawi, M., Enquist, B.J. & M.A. Jordan (2000). Developmental instability and relative position within the geographic range: an analysis of sympatric populations within Pleistocene and Contemporary Local Communities. Ecography 23, 539-546. (PDF Reprint).

Brown, J.H., West, G.B.,& B.J. Enquist. (2000) Scaling in Biology: Patterns and processes, causes and consequences. In: Scaling in Biology J.H. Brown and G.B. West (eds.). Oxford University Press.

Enquist , B.J., West, G.B. & J.H. Brown. (2000) The origin and ecological consequences of quarter-power allometric scaling in vascular plants. In: Scaling in Biology J.H. Brown and G.B. West (eds.). Oxford University Press.

West, G.B., Brown, J.H. & B.J. Enquist. (2000) The origin of universal scaling laws in biology. In: Scaling in Biology J.H. Brown and G.B. West (eds.). Oxford University Press.

West, G.B., Brown, J.H. & B.J. Enquist. (1999) The fourth dimension of life: Fractal geometry and allometric scaling of organisms. Science 284:1677-1679. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist,B.J., West, G.B., Charnov, E.L., & J.H. Brown (1999) Allometric scaling of production and life history variation in vascular plants. Nature 401: 907-911. (This paper was awarded the 2001 Ecological Society of America Mercer Award:) (PDF Reprint)Associated News and Views Article by Whittacre.

West, G.B., Brown, J.H. & B.J. Enquist. (1999) A general model for the structure, and allometry of plant vascular systems. Nature 400: 664-667. (PDF Reprint).

Enquist, B.J., Brown, J.H. & West, G.B. (1999) Plant energetics and population density- Response. Nature 398:572-573. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J. (1999) Deducing underlying principles of vascular plant structure and function. BOOK REVIEW: Schieving, Feike 1998. Plato’s Plant: On the Mathematical Structure of Simple Plants and Canopies. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands, 360p. ISBN 90-5782-003-X. Ecology 80:2455-2456.(PDF Reprint)

Guo, Q, Brown, J.H. & B.J. Enquist. (1998) Using constraint lines to characterize plant performance. Oikos 83:237-245.(PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J., Brown, J.H. & G.B. West. (1998) Allometric scaling of plant energetics and population density. Nature 395:163-166 (PDF Reprint) Associated News and Views Article by Damuth.

Brown, J.H., Enquist, B.J., & G.B. West (1998) Allometric scaling in biology –Technical Comment. Science. 281: 751a www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/281/5378/751a

Stevens, G.C., & B.J. Enquist (1998) Macroecological limits to the abundance and distribution of Pinus. In: Ecology and Biogeography of the genus Pinus. D.M. Richardson (ed.), pp. 183-190. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.

Brown, J.H., Enquist, B.J. & G.B. West (1997) Allometric scaling laws in biology –Response. Science 278: 372-373.

West, G.B., Brown, J.H. & B.J.Enquist (1997) A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology. Science 276:122-126. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J., Jordan, M.A. & J.H. Brown (1995). Connections between ecology, biogeography and paleobiology: relationship between local abundance and geographic distribution in fossil and recent organisms. Evolutionary Ecology 9:586-604. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J. & J. J. Ebersole (1994) Effects of added water on photosynthesis of Bistorta vivipara: The importance of water relations and leaf nitrogen in two alpine communities, Pikes Peak, Colorado, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research 26:29-34. (PDF Reprint)

Enquist, B.J. , I.S. Cornel, and R. Thorstrom (1993). A preliminary multivariate analysis of nesting habitat of Barred and Collared Forest-Falcons (Micraster ruficollis and M. semitorquatus): The use of tree species composition and forest architecture to characterize favorable habitat. The Maya project: Use of Raptors as Environmental Indices for design and Management of Protected Areas and for Building Local Capacity for Conservation in Latin America. W.A. Burnham and D.F. Whitacre eds., The Peregrine Fund, Boise, Id.

Mitchell, R, D. Bleakly, R. Cabin, R. Chan, B. Enquist , A. Evans, T. Lowrey, D. Marshall, S. Reed, G. Stevens, & N. Wasser (1993). Species concepts: Speciation and hybridization in plants - Scientific Correspondence. Nature 364:20. (PDF Reprint)

Electronic Publications

Niklas, K. J., and B.J. Enquist. 2004. Biomass Allocation and Growth Data of Seeded Plants. Data set. Available on-line, from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A.

West, G.B., Savage, V.M., Gillooly, J., Enquist, B.J. Woodruff, W.H. and J.H. Brown (2002). Red herrings and rotten fish. arXiv .

Enquist, B.J. and J.J. Sullivan (2001) Vegetative key and descriptions of tree species of tropical dry forests of upland Sector Santa Rosa, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Published on-line Area de Conservacion Guanacaste . Click here here for pdf reprint.

Grants and Fellowships

Department of Energy (DOE), Los Alamos National Labs 2003-2006

Scaling Relationships in Biology: Developing and Applying a

Unifying Theory from Molecular through Biosphere Scales

(PI D. D. Breshears,;Co-Pis P.J. Unkefer, G.B. West, W. H.

Woodruff, R.J. Donohoe, M.H. Ebinger, D.A. Cremers,

B. J. Enquist, J.H. Brown, C.D. Allen)

National Science Foundation Young Investagator 2002-2007

CAREER Award (NSF DEB –0133974): Scaling

Plant Life History, Ontogeny, Diversity, and

Ecology:Elaboration of a General Model

(B.J. Enquist Sole PI)

Conservation International CABS Fellow 2002-2004

Center for Applied Biodiversity Science

Developing a General Macroecological Framework

For Scaling Plant Community, Diversity, Biomass

and Dynamics Across Time and Space

(B.J. Enquist Sole PI)

National Science Foundation New FacultyStarter Grant 2001-2002

(NSF DBI-0129144) Elaboration of a Novel Theory for

the Scaling of Plant Form (B.J. Enquist Sole PI)

National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship 1998-2000

(NSF DBI-04135) Allometry as a Fundamental

Mechanism Linking Evolutionary and Ecological Pattern

Univ. of New Mexico Research Allocation Committee 1994-1997

Dept. of Bio. Graduate Research Allocations Committee 1994-1997

Latin American Institute, Tinker Foundation, 1993-1995

Nature Conservancy Graduate Research Grant, 1993

OrganizedWorkshops/Symposia

Invited Symposia and Working Groups

 

Invited Talks and Seminars

University of Toronto Dept. of Botany (Sponsor Botany Graduate Students), Fall 2003.

University of Michigan Dept. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Sponsor Dr. Deborah Goldberg), Fall 2003.

Princeton University Dept. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Sponsor EEB Graduate Students), Spring 2003.

University of Kentucky, Dept. of Biology (Sponsor Dr. Scott Gleeson) March 2003

University of Massachusetts, Amherst Dept. of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology (Sponsor Frances Juanes) Sept. 2002.

Aberdeen University, Scotland UK, Dept. of Botany (Sponsor David Robinson) April 2002.

Arizona State University Dept. of Biology (Sponsor James Elser) March 2002.

Texas A&M University Dept. of Wildlife and Fisheries/Range Management (Sponsor Tomas Lacher), Feb 2002.

University of Arizona, Physics Dept. Colloquium (Sponsor Dan Stein), October 2001.

Center for Applied Biodiversity Science (CABS), Conservation International Washington D.C.(Sponsor: Jim Sanderson), October 2001.

Oxford University, Oxford UK Dept of Geography (and Ecology program, Sponsor Robert Whittaker) May 2001.

Tree-Ring Laboratory, University of Arizona (Sponsor: Dr. Tom Swetnam), March 2001.

University of California, Santa Barbara, Physics Department, Dr. Jean Carlson's biophysics lab group (Sponsor: Dr. Jean Carlson), Aug. 2000.

University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, BioComplexity group seminar (sponsor Dr. Carla Restrepo), Sept. 2000.

Yale University, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Sponsor: Dr. Junhyong Kim), Jan. 2000.

University of California, San Diego, Department of Biology (Sponsor: Lori Eggert), Jan. 2000.

University of Arizona, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Sponsor: Dr. Dan Papaj), Dec. 1999.

University of Texas, Austin. Department of Biology (Sponsor: Dr. Beryl Simpson), Nov. 1999.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology . Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences (Sponsor: Dr. Dan Rothman), Oct. 1999.

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Department of Biology (Sponsor: Jon Sullivan), May, 1999.

University of Kansas, Lawrence, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Sponsor: Dr. Helen Alexander), March, 1999.

University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (Sponsor: Dr. Louis Gross), February, 1999.

Imperial College, Ascot UK, Centre for Population Biology Silwood Park (Sponsor: Dr. John H. Lawton), May 1998.

The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM. (Sponsor Dr. Erica Jen), April 1998.

The Colorado College, Department of Biology Seminar, (Sponsor Dr. J. J. Ebersole) April 1997.

Professional and Community Service

Affiliations

American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Society of Naturalists, Ecological Society of America (Theoretical Section), Botanical Society of America (Ecological and Tropical Biology section).

Sampling of Commentaries on Author’s Research

Sampling of National Press on Author’s Research